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As oppressive aristocracies and Medieval power structures were crumbling into oblivion, society had already begun to undergo a series of economic changes which, like the Enlightenment, would chew up the world we knew and spit out a new (soggier) one. We call the period between 1760 and 1930 the Industrial Age, as its patterns of change focus chiefly on processes involved in manufacturing goods.
This was the birth of the modern world, and, just like the first time, it all started with a seed.
In this era, Western Civilization shifted from a largely rural configuration (small, sparsely populated villages, spread out, and driven by an agricultural economy) to a much more urban one (large cities, heavily populated, with a manufactured goods-based economy).
This led to skilled trade work being replaced by unskilled labor. Cosmetically, we see a lot more machines, horses are replaced by cars, candles are replaced by electric light, cities get bigger and buildings get taller.
The old process of making clothing, for example, required skilled labor, people who took years learning a trade in all its complexities. You had to clean your fiber (typically cotton), and then spin it into cloth with a loom or spinning wheel. Then each piece of cloth needed to be hand cut and hand sewn into garments. The process could take days from start to finish to produce a single garment.
The changes in labor are more informative than the changes in decor. Economists believe these changes were made possible by a sufficient abundance of The Factors of Production, which are land, capital, and labor.
Retrospectively, it seems evident that greed made all this innovation possible. It moved businesses towards efficiency, an effort to make the most out of available resources. This was meant to reduce a businesses costs.
The greed factor was also about maximizing profits - the money left over when you take away all costs.
Source: Alex Greengaard, MFA, Open History, Ch. 7: Industrial Age
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